Mumbai: Sivatherium, a giraffe-likecreature with two pairs of horns and extinct for 8,000 years, onceroamed central and western India. So did the aardvark, an ant-eatingcreature now found only in Africa. The stunning finds have emerged fromancient rock paintings found along the Maharashtra-Madhya Pradeshborder.
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They have been hidden away for centuries in 18 rockshelter paintings near Amravati in Maharashtra and have been discoveredby a group of amateur explorers in the past three years - the latestfind was in June. And research into them is now proving eye-opening.
The discoveries were submitted to the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and the Rock Art Society of India, Agra, which conducted research and confirmed the unique findings.
The find was as amazing as it was significant. It sparked new life into our efforts and spurred us to keep going. Till June this year, we have managed to discover a total of 65 caves in that area, including 18 rock shelter paintings,'' said Ingole.
Prior to this, the only similar rock shelter paintings were found at Bhimbetka near Bhopal in 1957. But the condition of the find near Amravati is breathtaking, said team members Pradeep S. Hirurkar, a state government employee who turns explorer over the weekend
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The explorers, all barring one in their late 50s and early 60s, hit upon the first cave Jan 26, 2006. The location is the border area of Maharashtra-Madhya Pradesh that makes up the Tapti Valley.
Hirurkar said they got the first tip-off from the Gond tribals in the region, but since they were in the deep forests and high hills - between 350 and 900 metres, the area was very difficult to access.
While a majority of the paintings are of animals like sivatherium, aardvark and rhinoceros, there are also images of elephants, giraffes, tigers, lions, leopards, bears, wild boars, wild dogs, swamp deer, spotted deer, sambhar, horses and camels. (http://i50.tinypic.com/qq65y1.jpg)
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''A majority of the figures are facing the right, indicating that the painters were left-handed. It is possible that in those prehistoric days, the left hand was used as equally as the right hand,'' Ingole explained.
At one large rock shelter, there are as many as 35 paintings of different creatures while the rest have between two to five figures.
In one rock shelter painting believed to be around 5,000 years old, there are additional colours used to depict different pictures.
''The colours include green, yellow, white, grey - all of which are made with locally available raw materials. One cave shows figures of humans astride an elephant, a camel and horses, in war gear, holding spears
''This indicates they had succeeded in taming these large wild creatures as far back as 3,000 years BC. The camel also proves some kind of contact with the people in Rajasthan or beyond since these animals are not found in this region,'' Ingole explained.
Though Ingole's team has found these rock shelter paintings in an excellent condition, they are apprehensive whether these will be preserved for posterity.
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Hirurkar said it is amazing that people in those days who were barely known to travel a few kilometres from their dwellings had seen camels or rhinos(http://i49.tinypic.com/2emecuv.jpg)
A six-member group headed by V.T. Ingole, who is otherwise the principal of an engineering college in Amravati, chanced upon the paintings afterseven years of digging in the Morshi tehsil of Amravati district.
''Thisis only the second of its kind in the country and dates back to 15,000years or the Upper Palaeolithic era,'' an excited Ingole said.[/size]